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The Evolution of Computers

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  EVOLUTION OF COMPUTERS- The computers of today are vastly different in appearance and performance as compared to the computers of earlier days. But where did this technology come from and Where is it heading? To fully understand the impact of computers on today’s world and the promises they hold for the future, it is important to understand the evolution of computers.    1. The First Generation: The first generation computers made use of: Vacuum tube technology, Punched cards for data input, Punched cards and paper tape for output, Machine Language for writing programs, Magnetic tapes and drums for external storage.   2. The Second Generation: In the second generation computers: Vacuum tube technology was replaced by transistorized technology, Size of the computers started reducing, Assembly language started being used in place of machine language, Concept of stored program emerged, High level languages were invented.   3. The Third Generation:  The third generation computers were ch
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What is Operating System?

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Operating System in Computer- An Operating System (OS) is a most important software or collection of programs that acts as an interface between the user and the computer hardware . It also allows you to communicate with the computer without knowing how to speak the computer's language. Moreover, the operating system manages the software side of a computer and controls programs execution. It is not possible for the user to use any computer or mobile device without having an operating system . Without an operating system, a computer is useless.   Examples of Operating System are: Apple macOS, Microsoft Windows, Google's Android OS, Linux Operating System, and Apple iOS. The operating system ensures smooth and efficient operation of a computer. Memory management :     Allocation of main memory and other storage to the system programs and the user data and programs. Input/output management :    Management of the input/output devices and their assignment to the various programs t
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COMPUTER का आविष्कार किसने किया?

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Who invented the computer- जैसा कि हम जानते हैं कि 19 वीं शताब्दी में प्रसिद्ध गणित प्रोफेसर Charles Babbage ने Computer की शुरुआत की थी। ऐसे तो बहुत से लोगों ने इस Computing Field में अपना योगदान दिया है, लेकिन इन सब में से ज्यादा योगदान Charles Babbage का है. 1822 में उन्होंने Difference Engine का आविष्कार किया जिसे सबसे पहला Programmable Computer माना जाता है. 1833 में Charles Babbage ने Analytical Engine का आविष्कार किया जो कि एक General-Purpose Computer था| उनका योगदान सबसे ज्यादा है. तभी उनको कंप्यूटर के जनक के नाम से भी जाना जाता है| 
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Computer में RAM और ROM क्या होता है ?

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What is RAM and ROM- किसी भी Computing system का Memory एक महत्वपूर्ण part है , क्योकि इसके बिना Computer सरल कार्य भी नहीं कर सकता है| मूलतः Computer memory दो प्रकार के होते है - Primary memory (RAM and ROM) and Secondary memory (Hard drives, CDs, etc.). Random access memory (RAM) primary-volatile memory है और  Read only memory (ROM) Primary-non-volatile memory है|  Random Access Memory (RAM) - इसे Read-Write Memory या Main memory या  Primary memory भी कहा जाता है। Programs के Execution के दौरान CPU को जिन Programs और Data की आवश्यकता होती है, वे इस Memory में stored होते हैं। यह एक Volatile memory है क्योंकि बिजली बंद होने पर Data erase हो जाता है। RAM को आगे दो प्रकारों में वर्गीकृत किया गया है- SRAM (स्टेटिक रैंडम एक्सेस मेमोरी) और DRAM (डायनामिक रैंडम एक्सेस मेमोरी)। Read Only Memory (ROM) –  ये System को Operate करने के लिए महत्वपूर्ण Information को Store रखता है, जैसे कि Computer को Boot करने के लिए आवश्यक P rograms । यह अस्थिर नहीं है। हमेशा अपने Data
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अगर आप अपना वाई-फाई पासवर्ड भूल गए हैं तो ऐसे पुनः प्राप्त करे

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यदि आप अपना वाई-फाई पासवर्ड भूल गए हैं, तो विंडोज़ में इसे पुनः प्राप्त करना आसान है। Network and Sharing Center  पर जाएं और Wi-Fi network connection icon   पर राइट-क्लिक करें और Wireless Properties के Security tab के अंदर जाये और उसके अंदर आपको डॉट्स के साथ एक पासवर्ड बॉक्स देखने को मिलेगा। पासवर्ड को देखने के लिए आप show character बॉक्स को क्लिक करें।
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Hardware and Software in Computer-

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The terms hardware and software are almost always used in connection with the computer.   •    The Hardware:   The hardware is the machinery itself. It is made up of the physical parts or devices of the computer system like the electronic Integrated Circuits (ICs), magnetic storage media and other mechanical devices like input devices, output devices etc. All these various hardware are linked together to form an effective functional unit. The various types of hardware used in the computers, has evolved from vacuum tubes of the first generation to Ultra Large Scale Integrated Circuits of the present generation.   •  The Software:   The computer hardware itself is not capable of doing anything on its own. It has to be given explicit instructions to perform the specific task. The computer program is the one which controls the processing activities of the computer. The computer thus functions according to the instructions written in the program. Software mainly consists of these computer p
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Computer Program and Data Processing

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Computer Program and Data ProcessingP : The set of instructions given to the computer to perform various operations is called as the computer program . The process of converting the input data into the required output form with the help of the computer program is called as data processing . The computers are therefore also referred to as data processors.
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What is computer?

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What is computer : The word computer is derived from the word compute . Compute means to calculate. The computer was originally defined as a super fast calculator. It had the capacity to solve complex arithmetic and scientific problems at very high speed. But nowadays in addition to handling complex arithmetic computations, computers perform many other tasks like accepting, sorting, selecting, moving, comparing various types of information. They also perform arithmetic and logical operations on alphabetic, numeric and other types of information. This information provided by the user to the computer is data . The information in one form which is presented to the computer is the input information or input data . Information in another form is presented by the computer after performing a process on it. This information is the output information or output data.  
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