Computer में RAM और ROM क्या होता है ?


What is RAM and ROM-

किसी भी Computing system का Memory एक महत्वपूर्ण part है , क्योकि इसके बिना Computer सरल कार्य भी नहीं कर सकता है| मूलतः Computer memory दो प्रकार के होते है - Primary memory (RAM and ROM) and Secondary memory (Hard drives, CDs, etc.).

Random access memory (RAM) primary-volatile memory है और  Read only memory (ROM) Primary-non-volatile memory है| 


Random Access Memory (RAM) -

  • इसे Read-Write Memory या Main memory या  Primary memory भी कहा जाता है।
  • Programs के Execution के दौरान CPU को जिन Programs और Data की आवश्यकता होती है, वे इस Memory में stored होते हैं।
  • यह एक Volatile memory है क्योंकि बिजली बंद होने पर Data erase हो जाता है।
  • RAM को आगे दो प्रकारों में वर्गीकृत किया गया है- SRAM (स्टेटिक रैंडम एक्सेस मेमोरी) और DRAM (डायनामिक रैंडम एक्सेस मेमोरी)।


Read Only Memory (ROM) –

  •  ये System को Operate करने के लिए महत्वपूर्ण Information को Store रखता है, जैसे कि Computer को Boot करने के लिए आवश्यक Programs।
  • यह अस्थिर नहीं है।
  • हमेशा अपने Data को सुरक्षित रखता है।
  • ये Embedded systems में उपयोग किया जाता है या जहां Programming में किसी बदलाव की आवश्यकता नहीं होती है।
  • Calculators और  Peripheral Devices में उपयोग किया जाता है।
  • ROM को आगे 4 प्रकारों में वर्गीकृत किया गया है- MROM, PROM, EPROM और EEPROM।




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